It's the model that Ukraine explicitly provides: https://www.reuters.com/business/ae...ont-line-test-bed-foreign-weapons-2025-07-17/
The Russians and Germans (along with other countries) tested their weapons and systems in Spain's civil war in the lead up to WWII. The same thing is happening in Ukraine today. Early in the conflict, large amounts of US aid was made up of older, decommissioned, or expiring equipment. This allowed them to offload aging kit, avoiding large disposal and destruction costs while replacing the older items with brand-new, modern equipment for their own forces.
A lot of testing is going on in Iran as well, as they field Chinese-made defensive systems. https://en.sedaily.com/internationa...-air-defense-systems-fail-combat-test-in-iran The Iranians are reportedly pissed about how badly the Chinese systems failed. But this is a double-edged sword as just as the Americans are watching how their kit goes in Ukraine, the Chinese are watching how their kit goes in Iran. They will have picked up heaps of data and nothing teaches better lessons than failure!
The Russians and Germans (along with other countries) tested their weapons and systems in Spain's civil war in the lead up to WWII. The same thing is happening in Ukraine today. Early in the conflict, large amounts of US aid was made up of older, decommissioned, or expiring equipment. This allowed them to offload aging kit, avoiding large disposal and destruction costs while replacing the older items with brand-new, modern equipment for their own forces.
A lot of testing is going on in Iran as well, as they field Chinese-made defensive systems. https://en.sedaily.com/internationa...-air-defense-systems-fail-combat-test-in-iran The Iranians are reportedly pissed about how badly the Chinese systems failed. But this is a double-edged sword as just as the Americans are watching how their kit goes in Ukraine, the Chinese are watching how their kit goes in Iran. They will have picked up heaps of data and nothing teaches better lessons than failure!
